This system converts aircraft altitude in 100-foot increments to coded digital information that is transmitted to the appropriate surveillance facility as well as to ADS-B In and TCAS systems.Most transponders (Modes C and S) and all ADS-B Out systems are capable of automatic altitude reporting.Military aircraft operating VFR or IFR in restricted/warning areas or VFR on VR routes will adjust their transponders to reply on Code 4000 unless another code has been assigned by ATC or coordinated, if possible, with ATC.Civil Mode A is identical to military Mode 3.Air Traffic Control Radar Beacon System (ATCRBS) is similar to and compatible with military coded radar beacon equipment.All codes are allocated in accordance with the National Beacon Code Allocation Plan (NBCAP).Circumstances may occasionally require ATC to assign a non-discrete code i.e., a code ending in "00".For ATC to utilize one of the 4096 discrete codes, a four-digit code designation will be used for example, code 2102 will be expressed as "TWO ONE ZERO TWO".Nevertheless, pilots should never relax their visual scanning vigilance for other aircraft.Even VFR pilots who are not in contact with ATC will be afforded greater protection from IFR aircraft and VFR aircraft that are receiving traffic advisories.This provides air traffic controllers, as well as pilots of suitably equipped aircraft (TCAS and ADS-B In), increased situational awareness and the ability to identify potential traffic conflicts.ADS-B Out and transponders with altitude reporting mode turned ON (Mode C or S) substantially increase the capability of surveillance systems to see an aircraft.Transponder/ADS-B panel designs differ therefore, a pilot should be thoroughly familiar with the operation of their particular equipment to maximize its full potential.Pilots should be aware that proper application of transponder and ADS-B operating procedures will provide both VFR and IFR aircraft with a higher degree of safety while operating on the ground and airborne.A transponder is a simple means for an aircraft to communicate its position with air traffic control.
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